In response to the widespread issue of corporate“greenwashing,”such as false environmental information disclosure, which seriously hinders the effective implementation of environmental responsibilities, this paper selects the period from 2013 to 2021 as the research interval and uses Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies as the research sample. Through the construction of a two-way fixed effects model for empirical research, the study finds that corporate “greenwashing” behavior significantly increases carbon emissions and has a notable negative impact on the fulfillment of carbon reduction responsibilities. This conclusion remains valid after endogeneity and robustness tests, with the effect realized through the mechanism of significantly reducing information disclosure quality. However, the application of blockchain technology by enterprises significantly alleviates and moderates this adverse impact. In the heterogeneity analysis, the study reveals that the negative impact of “greenwashing” behavior on the fulfillment of carbon reduction responsibilities is more pronounced in non-manufacturing enterprises and asset-intensive industries.