Based on the panel data of 14 prefectures and cities in Hunan Province from 2013 to 2020, an empirical analysis has been made of the regional discrepancy and changing trends of strategic emerging industries in Hunan Province by adopting the Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition method and Kernel density estimation method. It has been found that the overall distribution of strategic emerging industries in Hunan Province exhibitis imbalanced characteristics, but from the perspective of development trends, there is a gradually decreasing trend in regional and intra-regional differences, with regional differences being the main source of overall differences in the distribution of strategic emerging industries in Hunan Province. From the perspective of various regions in Hunan Provicne, the distribution of strategic emerging industry output value in the eastern regions is characterized with a polarized feature, while the western, northern, and central regions show a multipolar feature. Based on this conclusion, it is suggested that Hunan Provicned should further accelerate the development of strategic emerging industries, promote cross regional communication and cooperation of strategic emerging industries, and create strategic emerging industries with distinct characteristics and core advantages, fully engaged in staggered competition according to local conditions.