A scientific calculation has been made of the land-use carbon emissions in Hunan Province from 2003 to 2016 based on its calculation method, followed by an analysis of the carbon emission effects brought about by the land-use, with the influencing factors on land-use carbon emissions under discussion by adopting LMDI factor decomposition method. The results show that, from 2003 to 2016, the land-use carbon emissions in Hunan Province show an increasing trend year by year, with the net carbon emissions increasing from 25.792 4 million tons to 73.037 6 million tons. Positive effect factors include economic scale effect, population size effect and energy carbon emission intensity effect, among which the economic scale effect is the primary contributing factor, while energy intensity effect and land scale effect are negative effect factors. Overall, the effect of restraining the increase of land-use carbon emissions is less than the intensity of promotion.