By using Arcgis software and adopting such mathematical methods as the nearest point index, geographical concentration index and unbalanced index, an in-depth study has been carried out on the spatial distribution features of famous villages and villages in Hunan Province. The results show that: the distribution of the famous historic cultural towns in Hunan Province is uneven in the city, mainly distributed in cities like Xiangxi and Yongzhou, or regions in Xiangxi and southern part of Hunan Province; From the spatial structure of the type , the historic cultural villages and towns in Hunan Province are mainly concentrated in the western part of Hunan Province: Xiangxi, Huaihua, southern part of Yongzhou, Chenzhou and middle part of Shaoyang, Loudi as well as other places. Moreover, it forms the secondary cluster centers of the two high concentrations, with the first one being Fenghuang county—Yongshun county—Longshan county of Xiangxi, and the second one being Rucheng county of Chenzhou, as well as the secondary aggregation center of Shaoyang and Yongzhou. Based on this analysis, it is suggested that government support should be combined with media publicity, thus helping to form a system for a better protection and development of the regional features of historic cultural villages and towns.