By model calculation of the carbon emission, carbon emission per square kilometer, per capita carbon emission and carbon emission intensity in Hunan Province from energy consumption in 2008—2013, predicts the energy carbon emission in Hunan Province in the next five years based on grey theory. The research results indicate that the energy consumption in Hunan province is still mainly in terms of industrial energy consumption, and the proportion is larger. For clean energy usage, there is a large increase space, and the level of economic development has a great impact on the energy carbon emission of Hunan Province. The predicted results show that from the energy consumption structure, the industrial energy consumption is gradually declining; from the energy consumption types, the use of clean energy is increasing, but its rate is still slow relative to the economic growth. Therefore in order to promote the development of low carbon in Hunan Province, it needs to further adjust the industrial structure and increase the use of clean energy.