Makes single pile horizontal static load model tests on an equal-diameter pipe pile and 2 variable-section pipe piles in the indoor foundation pit, and compares and studies their difference of horizontal bearing capacity. The results show that: the critical load of equal-diameter pipe pile and variable-section pipe piles of variable section ratio of 0.57 and 0.71 is 1.2, 1.6 and 1.2 kN, respectively; their characteristic value of horizontal bearing capacity per unit volume is 95, 147 and 115 kN/m3, respectively. The pipe piles of variable section ratio of 0.57 and 0.71 improve horizontal bearing capacity of 55.1% and 21.6% per unit volume respectively comparing to equal-diameter pipe pile; and the smaller variable section ratio of variable-section pipe pile is, the greater horizontal bearing capacity per unit volume is and the higher material utilization is.