非法捕捞水产品罪的前置法规范化适用
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D924.3

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湖南工业大学研究生科研创新项目“高校科技伦理审查的制度化构建研究——以湖南地区高校为例”(CX2440)


On the Normative Application of Preceding Laws in the Crime of Illegal Fishing of Aquatic Products
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    摘要:

    在行政犯认定中,前置法适用规范与否直接关系到认定结果的准确性。非法捕捞水产品罪作为典型行政犯,其“四禁”认定所依赖的前置法在司法实践中的适用存在差异。这种差异主要源于前置法自身规定的不一致以及法院对前置法的理解不同。“四禁”的形式认定可以因地制宜,但实质认定应保持统一。然而,当前“四禁”认定存在突破实质认定的倾向,导致部分不具有严重社会危害性的行为被纳入犯罪范畴。对此,应当从四个方面加以规范:一是将前置法的范围限定在明确表述“禁渔”的文件中,而非所有涉及禁止捕捞的规范性文件;二是确保前置法与非法捕捞水产品罪所保护的法益具有一致性;三是法院在参照适用前置法时应进行适当审查,将明显不恰当的规范性文件排除适用;四是在参照前置法的基础上,以社会危害性为核心进行再判断。

    Abstract:

    In the determination of administrative crimes, the normative application of preceding laws directly impacts the accuracy of criminal conviction. As a typical administrative crime, the crime of illegal fishing of aquatic products exhibits discrepancies in the judicial application of the preceding laws upon which the determination of its “Four Prohibitions” relies. These discrepancies primarily stem from inconsistencies in the provisions of the preceding laws themselves and divergent judicial interpretations thereof. While the formal determination of the “Four Prohibitions” may be adjusted according to local conditions, their substantive determination shall remain consistent. However, there is currently a tendency to break through the substantive determination in the identification of the “Four Prohibitions”, resulting in some behaviors without serious social harm being included in the scope of crimes. To address this, standardization can be pursued in four key aspects. First, the scope of preceding laws should be confined to those regulations explicitly stipulating “fishing prohibitions”, rather than encompassing all normative documents related to fishing bans. Second, it is essential to ensure that the preceding laws align with the legal interests protected by the crime of illegal fishing of aquatic products. Third, courts should scrutinize preceding laws when referencing them, excluding those that are manifestly improper from application. Fourth, on the basis of referencing preceding laws, a re-judgement should be made with social harmfulness as the core.

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徐慧娟,冯世烽.非法捕捞水产品罪的前置法规范化适用[J].《湖南工业大学学报(社会科学版)》,2026,31(3):90-97.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-05-14
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