“Establishing the new before abolishing the old while attaching equal importance to efforts in both respects,” an important methodology with profound internal logic, serves as a guidance for the comprehensive deepening of reform. From a historical perspective, it is a summary and theoretical elevation of economic and social reform methods. From a theoretical perspective, it is an embodiment and application of Marxist philosophy methodology. From the perspective of value, it emphasizes the people-centered core values in reform and innovation. In specific reform practice, it means establishing order and removing obstacles to stimulate market vitality, establishing simplicity and removing redundancy to develop the whole-process people’s democracy, establishing credibility and removing inferiority to release cultural creativity, establishing correctness and removing ills to improve people’s livelihood, establishing greenness and removing pollution to lead the sustainable development, and establishing rules and removing corruption to enhance the Party’s leadership, thus ensuring the reform proceeds steadily and far.