The landscape gene theory aims to identify the most prominent cultural features in traditional villages. By constructing a landscape gene map, it provides a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the cultural and landscape characteristics of these villages. The study reviews the concept of landscape genes and landscape gene mapping, as well as recent research at home and abroad, analyzes and summarizes the existing landscape gene identification principles, extraction method and classification methods. It also improves the construction of landscape gene map from geoscience information map construction, graphic expression and structure of landscape gene information, which is conducive to further clarifying and improving the research framework of landscape gene map. Compared with foreign countries, landscape gene research in domestic settings is more popular and wider in research scope, especially in the study of landscape gene maps, for which a series of relatively systematic system construction methods have been established. However, the focus is mostly on general descriptions of landscape genes and map establishment. The theoretical framework and technical means need further updating, and the fusion of disciplines and integration of methods need strengthening. Additionally, objectivity of the research should also be streng thened. In the future, we should focus improving the research system and theoretical foundation. We should update the technical means and deepen cross-study, broaden research perspectives, and strengthen applied research.