The coupling coordination degree model, spatial autocorrelation model and gray prediction model were used to analyze the comprehensive development level, coupling coordination degree and spatial correlation of regional economy, agriculture and logistics industry in 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2020, and the coupling coordination development level of the three systems from 2021 to 2030 was predicted. The results show that the comprehensive index and the overall comprehensive index of the three subsystems of regional economy, agriculture and logistics industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt have shown an increasing trend. The coupling coordination degree of the three systems has increased year by year, with a successively increasing coupling coordination level in the upstream, middle and downstream regions. The coupling coordination degree of the three systems presents a positive spatial relationship, and the spatial aggregation is gradually enhanced. Form 2021 to 2030, the coupling and coordination level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt will continue to increase, and the development speed will also increase year by year, and it is expected to reach a good coordination state by 2030. Therefore, it is suggested that the government increase investment in agriculture and logistics industry, and formulate relevant policies in different regions, and that regions strengthen cooperation and train professional talents, so as to jointly promote the efficient and coordinated development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.