In the long-term revolution and construction practice, Mao Zedong upheld a Marxist view on traditional Chinese culture, and formed his unique concept of traditional culture, which fully reflected the practice of the Communist Party of China, represented by Mao Zedong, to combine the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture. Looking back at the formation of Mao Zedong’s traditional cultural view, we summarize its spiritual essence as an answer to the question of “what is traditional culture” and “how to treat traditional culture”. Mao Zedong’s traditional cultural view provides a clear direction and inspiration for us to promote the modernization of traditional Chinese culture in the new era. We should solidify the foundation, stay committed to the correct direction, and consolidate the guiding position of Marxism; we should put the people first, and rely on the people to create new historical causes; we should maintain self-confidence and stand on our feet, and give full play to the contemporary value of fine traditional Chinese culture; we should uphold fundamental principles and break new ground, and promote the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional culture.