The edict of introspection is a special article written by the emperor for introspection. The emperor’s writing the edits of introspection, a political phenomenon in the Han Dynasty, plays an important role of social governance under the feudal system. Edict of introspection seems to be a deep self-blame for social problems, but actually it is a “deep examination” from the perspective of the relationship between name and reality. People follow the providence by observing it, and forma regularity that name stems from reality, which is the logical premise of notion following its’own rule. The governance of reproaching oneself always takes the meaning of name as the rule, and conducts specific deep observation by analyzing name, seeking the truth, expecting the reality to correspond to the name, thus forming the governance measures according to the value principle of social status and normal relationships, and then forming the etiquette and order. It promotes the formation of good social customs and has a profound impact on the governance model of the whole feudal society to some extent. Though the edict of introspection has some hypocrisy, it still provides rich traditional cultural resources for Chinese path to modernization in the new era.