By integrating TOE framework, taking 80 listed logistics enterprises as samples, and using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis fsQCA, this paper studies the configurational path of high and non-high innovation performance of listed logistics enterprises, and analyzes the driving and restraining paths of triple factors affecting the innovation performance of listed logistics enterprises. It is found that there are substitution relationships among the three levels in five configurational paths that produce high innovation performance and four configurational paths that produce non-high innovation performance. Among them, there are four different modes of high innovation performance: “innovation-competition-driven”,“R&D-competition-driven”, “triple-level parallel driven” and “structure-competitiveness”, and there are common factors of market competitive forces in the four modes. R&D capability and market competition force are core variables, which play a vital role in promoting innovation performance of listed logistics enterprises.