Around the topic of “the influence of the development of early industrialization of capitalism on the living conditions of the working class” in the 19th century, Hayek and others made a challenge to Marx and Engels, accusing The Condition of the Working Class in Eenland that their true record of the life of the working class was a total denial of capitalism and industrial revolution. In fact, Marx and Engels did not deny the suffering of workers before the early industrialization of capitalism, but refused to use the veil of suffering to cover people’s eyes. Ignore the living conditions of the working class which were still or even deepened in the early stage of capitalist industrialization in the 19th century. The key to the problem is that relatively social progress can not cover up the performance of the working class Different but essentially the same alienation situation. It isin the process of examining the working class’s labor and living conditions that Marx and Engels discovered the great mission of the working class as the historical subject of social transformation.