湖北宜城方言变韵探究
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国家社科基金一般项目“濒危瓦罕塔吉克语句法研究”(20BYY194);湖南省社科成果评审委员会一般项目“濒 危瓦罕塔吉克语代词性附着语素的历史语言学研究”(XSP20YBZ142)


On the Rhyme Variation in Yicheng Dialect of Hubei Province
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    摘要:

    湖北宜城方言存在大量的变韵现象。宜城方言的D变韵是因“家”字的合音而成;其Z变韵表现为一个颤音r,无U化的倾向;其Z变韵处于该类变韵的早期阶段,早于襄阳方言、河南中北部和山西南部的Z变韵;儿化韵表现为一个舌尖卷舌的无擦通音,“儿”字已经融入前字的韵母,属于融合型。宜城方言的儿化韵有指小的功能,在多数情况下,有表亲切的感情色彩义和表口语的语体色彩义。宜城方言的动词变韵大多表示动作的完成或进行,或状态的持续;动词重叠变韵表示完成且带有一种责难、批评和埋怨的语气;不及物动词变韵大都由语气助词引起,表达祈使、命令、征询等语气色彩;动词变韵的“D”主要表达句子的体特征,是句子层面的构形成分,不是后缀,应称为体黏附语素。人称代词方面,宜城方言的人称代词变韵具有表复数意义的功能;指示代词变韵方面,“D”的功能相当于量词“个”。

    Abstract:

    Yicheng Dialect is distributed by rhyme variation. Z rhyme variation is facilitated by merging “jia” into the preceding rhyme. Z rhyme variation in Yicheng Dialect is symbolized by trill r, with no indication of labialization. Z rhyme variation in Yicheng Dialect, which precedes its counterparts in Xiangyang Dialect and the dialects in the northcentral part of Henan Province and the southern part of Shanxi Province. Er suffixation is manifested as an approximant, merged into the preceding rhyme, representing a fusion model. It performs as diminutive suffix, expressing the affection with a colloquial style. Verb variation in Yicheng Dialect symbolizes perfection and proceeding of action or continuity of state. Doubling rhyme variation in verb represents perfection with the tone of censure, criticism, and complaint. Rhyme variation of intransitive verb, which is sponsored by modal particles, implies imperative, command and consultation. The D of verb variation in Yicheng Dialect, which is configuration particle in syntactic level other than suffix, indicates aspect information of sentence and can be labeled as aspect clitic. Personal pronouns in Yicheng Dialect have the function of expressing plural meanings; in terms of demonstrative pronouns, D rhyme variation of demonstrative pronoun functions as classifier equivalently.

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胡 伟,刘新红.湖北宜城方言变韵探究[J].《湖南工业大学学报(社会科学版)》,2020,25(6):103-110.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-10-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-15
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