The rural “neighborhood mutual aid” elderly care conforms to the inherent logic of protection of human rights and it is an inevitable requirement of implementing the rule of law. The rural “neighborhood mutual aid” elderly care could basically guarantee the service right of the elderly. At present, the rural “neighborhood mutual aid” old-age care is faced with such problems as insufficient funds, lack of professional nursing personnel, low service quality, lack of effective management evaluation mechanism and no emergency response system. Therefore, it is necessary to establish sustainable fund guarantee mechanism, management evaluation mechanism, incentive mechanism for talented people, dispute resolution mechanism and emergency response mechanism, and at the same time we should revise and perfect the content and standard of service for the elderly. All these efforts chould help to establish and improve the rural elderly service system and promote the long-term development of rural“neighborhood mutual aid”elderly care service.