The wide application of 5G technology has brought an unprecedented change to human society. Various electronic devices equipped with 5G intelligent connection, such as smart home, 8K video player and wearable devices, will enter thousands of households, and the era of “all things connected”is coming towards us. Standing at the forefront of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, the entire public opinion ecology, media structure, communication terminals, communication contents and communication methods of China, s scientific communication are undergoing profound changes. With the development and daily change of communication concept, communication subject, communication form and communication content, the new historical mission and communication ecology of science communication in China are endowed. This paper studies the whole communication system of China, s science communication under 5G energization, such as the communication subject, content, form, audience and effect. It provides insight into the development of all-media science communication constructed by traditional media, emerging media and intelligent media. It also summarizes the successful experience and failure lessons of science communication. On this basis, it constructs the optimized communication system of China, s science communication under 5G energization, which is helpful to make substantial contributions to the improvement of China, s national science literacy, theoretical innovation and practical exploration.