Edward Thompson’s ethnographic writing methods were studied from three perspectives: letter research, biographies and value criticism. The writing of the “food riots” in the 18th century and the life history of William Morris presented Edward Thompson's logic and methods for examining events, figures, and various social relationships in the text. Thompson’s ethnographic research focuses on the development of the British working class and their consciousness, emphasizing the importance of combining the objective narrative logic with the constructivist narrative logic. Through integrating the social phenomenon presented by deep facts and the moral system constructed by the value criticism, Thompson’s ethnographic research has scientifically and vividly restored the growth process of the working class and the formation of the working class consciousness.