Using the analytic method of input and output, Jiangsu regional inputoutput table is made by collection of statistical data in 1956. By calculation and analysis of the relevant departments of the various technical indicators, the structure of industry of Jiangsu and their associated characteristics are summarized from the empirical analysis of the “contents”. This paper concludes that the output level of Jiangsu agriculture is slightly lower than that of the industrial sector at the end of the term, which is in the base position in the regional economy. Because of the strong correlation effect, industry has become the most important department in the regional economy. Construction, transport and postal services and commercial sectors occupy a subordinate position in the regional economy. Policy attaches great importance to agriculture, which to some extent inhibits the development of industrial sector, and has a farreaching influence on the industrial structure of the region.