The direct theoretical basis of Xi Jinpings economic thought is Marxs theory of productivity in broad sense, labor value theory and historical materialism. Xi Jinpings economic thought has greatly expanded the concept of the real economy, enriched and developed Marxs monetary and financial system, property right system, fiscal and taxation system, and depicted the modern economic system with “ten economic relations” and “five internal and external interoperability”.At the same time, Xi Jinpings economic thought enriched the concept of world market with the theory of human destiny community, which basically completed Engelss political economics in broad sense, greatly developed the socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics, pushed Marxs political economics to a new height and led the human economics to maturity.