In 1917, Russia won the October Revolution and established the world's first socialist country led by the proletariat on the capitalist soil, and created a new era in the history of the Communist movement. In 1991, the Soviet Union ended its historical process with the disintegration of the state. The fundamental internal cause of he collapse of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the disintegration of the Soviet Union is the serious constraint of a highly centralized political and economic system, and the external causes are the hegemony of the United States and the Soviet Union and the peaceful evolution of the Western countries, while the direct cause is the loss of public support caused by the formation and corruption of the privileged class in the Soviet Union. Altough this period of history has frozen frame sorrowfully, the achievements of the October Revolution should not be denied and the glorious history of the socialist construction in the Soviet Union should not be forgotten. The purpose of tracing history today is to learn from the history. Especially for the socialism with Chinese characteristics, which originated from the October Revolution and developed in China, we need to commemorate it in the course of inheritance and development and draw lessons from it in re examination. This is of great significance.