Since the 18th National People's Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping, according to the new changes of the international and domestic situations, has thought deeply about the fundamental policy of China's ethnic work, and put forward a series of important ideas. “Ethnic work concerning the overall situation” gives the national work a special significance as “lifeline”. “Eyes theory” and “hematopoietic function” give the national work a peopleoriented value concept. “Pomegranate seed” and “no ethnic group can be lost” give the national work a popular discourse expression. “Leapfrog development”, “targeted poverty alleviation” and “the key is the party and the people” provide a feasible way for the construction of ethnic work.