Among Yangming scholars, the debate on the conscience and perception differentiates two different ways of thinking. Nie Bao, as the representative of one school, advocated that the conscience is neutralization, while the perception is harmony, and perception turns to conscience. Wang Ji and Ouyang De, as the representatives of another school, advocated that the conscience is not only neutralization, but also harmony, and conscience is found in the perception. Both schools criticized each other. Nie Bao thought that it was easy to lead to the drawback of chasing foreign objects since Wang Ji and Ouyang De looked for the conscience from the perception. While Ouyang De and Wang Ji thought that it was easy to cause the drawback of inward meditation since Nie Bao looked for the conscience from the perception. The two sides stuck to the different supporting backgrounds, and both followed Yangming's learning principles. In fact, Nie Bao followed Zhuzi's thought of separating ontology and function, and took the path from ontology to function, while Ouyang De and Wang Ji followed Yangming's thought that ontology and function are of one origin, and took the path from function to ontology.