"Pain" is a kind of aesthetic image in Zou Lian’an’s poems everywhere.Behind the pain is the tenderness and great love towards the nation, state, society, human life and so on . Love is the emotional foundation of the pain, and is also the spiritual source of aesthetic characteristics of his poems.Under the social reason and historical reason, the reflection and criticism on modern civilization is the ideological basis of the pain in his poems. The formation of aesthetic spirit and cultural psychological structure of the pain stemmed from the unique culture temperament and aesthetic spirits of west Hunan, where the poet grew up in.