Aging population is one of the prominent social problems in the present world. Since the 90s of last century, the UN has enacted a series of normative documents about how to safeguards the rights and interests of the elderly, including the UN Principles for the Elderly. Its basic principles are independence, participation, care, self-fulfillment and dignity. The Chinese government should address the special difficulties of aging, implement the UN Principles for the Elderly, adjust the legal system related to the retirement of the elderly, and improve the elderly health care and pension security legal system. The government should also increase financial investment by legislations, encourage social forces to participate to help old people, so as to safeguard the economic, social and cultural rights of the elderly.