We have analyzed the development of modern service industry and the consumption structure of Hunan Province. The research shows that the relatively lag in Hunan modern services development has relevance with consumption structure. In order to accelerate industrial structure and consumption structure of Hunan, it is necessary to take measures as follows: Firstly, products and services should adapt to different consumer level. Secondly, improving public services in rural areas, speeding up the upgrading of consumption structure in rural areas; further increasing the investment in education should be done through financial transfers.