As an authoritative translation work,D.C. Lau’s English Translation of Dao De Jing represents the Chinese people’s trying to communicate with the English-speaking countries. To analyze D.C. Lau’s English version, with the translation of “Tian Xia” as a breakthrough, it can not only highlight the contribution of Taoist thinking on the “Tian Xia” concept, but also help to show the preliminary outline of translation strategies and dig out the rewriting factors behind. Seeking the balance between assimilation and dissimilation is D.C. Lau's translation strategies. The mainstream ideology by highlighting the charm of Chinese culture, the penguin publishing group as the sponsor and poetic elements in Dao De Jing text constitute the dominant rewriting factors behind D.C. Lau’s translation behavior.