Occupational Disease Prevention Law Article 59 clearly stipulates that the patients with occupational diseases have rights to get compensation. However, the status quo of the implementation is unsatisfactory, mainly for the low success rate and computational model confusion. The reason is that there is doubt about the rationality of Article 59 and the provision itself has ambiguity. Therefore, it should be studied in conjunction with the characteristics of occupational diseases to improve the occupational diseases civil compensation system and protect their day-to-day medical care and medication needs.