Hunan opera have had very glorious history, however; it’s survival status is in a difficult situation since the late 1980. We can analyze the situation from the following several aspects,such as: many opera rely on state-run ones. or amateur troupe; most of the theatre exist with name only; the market of the performance is atrophy, the actor is ageing; Hunan drama lacks new audience. The root cause is that drama originated in and developed from agricultural civilization, it can not adapt to society of commodity economy. In addition, the urbanization movement and the shock of a plurality of entertainment accelerate the drama decline.