Focusing on tobacco packaging during the Republic of China period, the evolution of tobacco packaging design logic within the broader socio-historical context of that period was examined, and the diverse factors that shaped the tobacco packaging design during the Republica of China period were analyzed. The multiplicity of designs stemmed primarily from political transformation that triggered ideological shifts and cultural innovations. Under the influence of heterogeneous cultures, domestic tobacco packaging exhibited clear signs of acculturation. Meanwhile, spurred by patriotism, the National Products Movement prompted foreign firms to adopt localized design strategies, seeking resonance with indigenous culture. Consequently, the tobacco packaging presented a pluralistic imagery blending tradition with modernity and rationality with innovation during the Republic of China period.