Taking thermosetting polyester powder coatings as the research object, the characteristics of polyester resins and curing agents in film-forming substances and their roles in powder coatings were introduced, and the research progress of low-temperature curing polyester powder coatings was reviewed from four aspects: preparation, curing mechanism, modification and application. In order to improve the shrinkage of polyester powder coating, the active functional group acrylate was introduced into the polyester resin for surface modification, and the mixed polyester/acrylic powder coating was obtained. The weather resistance and curing reaction principle of the weatherable polyester/acrylic powder coating were summarized. In order to reduce the curing temperature of powder coatings and meet the development requirements of low-temperature curing, epoxy functional groups were introduced as functional monomers or directly mixed with epoxy resin in the process of resin synthesis according to the relative characteristics of film-forming materials of synthetic polyester powder coatings. Polyester powder coatings are widely used in furniture, automobiles and household appliances. In the future, polyester powder coatings will develop towards energy saving, environmental protection, diversity and wider applicability.