In order to realize the information traceability of agricultural products and enhance consumers’ confidence in the agricultural product industry, a quality traceability system of agricultural products based on blockchain is designed. The system mainly includes the supply chain data module and the feedback accountability module. The former mainly solves the problem of responsibility division of agricultural products in the production, transportation and marketing stages by monitoring the properties of agricultural products through sensors in real time, and blocking the unsafe food before the terminal consumption, while the latter mainly solves the problems of consumer right protection, accountability of relevant departments and product recall, so as to reduce the cost of consumer right protection and improve the consumer feedback efficiency, to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. The quality and safety traceability system of agricultural products based on blockchain technology can effectively trace the quality information of agricultural products, and has good effects on solving food safety problems.