By combining the probability language term set (PLTS) with the VIKOR method to solve the evaluation of Chinese medicine tablet packaging materials, a reliable method was provided for selecting suitable packaging materials for Chinese medicine tablets. Firstly, the evaluation information was transformed by PLTS, and the distance between two PLTS was calculated by the distance formula of probabilistic linguistic term sets according to PLTS and related theories. Then, combined with VIKOR method, PLTS-VIKOR multi-index decision-making model was constructed to solve the multi-index decision-making problem. Finally, the evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces packaging materials was taken as an example for example analysis. The results showed that using the distance formula of probabilistic linguistic term set to calculate the distance between two PLTS could make full use of the original evaluation information, reflect the preferences of decision makers, improve the decision-making efficiency, and get more stable decision results.