In order to regulate the afterglow life of long afterglow luminescent materials, a series of Sr2Mg1-xCaxSi2O7: Eu2+, Dy3+(x=0，0.2，0.4，0.6，0.8，1.0） long afterglow luminescent materials was prepared by the high temperature solid-phase method with the strategy of using Ca2+ to replace Mg2+ in the matrix of long afterglow materials. Compared with sol-gel method, the samples prepared by high temperature solid-phase method had better crystal structure and luminescence performance. X-ray diffraction results showed that the diffraction peaks of the synthesized samples shifted to high angle with the increasing of Ca2+ content, indicating that Ca2+ had replaced the lattice position of Mg2+ in the matrix and the change of the crystal field in the matrix was realized. The emission peaks of the samples were located at 487 nm to 492 nm, which suggested they were blue luminescent materials. The data of the afterglow decay curves and the initial afterglow brightness indicated that the afterglow decay life and luminous intensity of the samples gradually decreased with the increase of Ca2+ content. This property was expected to enable these materials to have a new application prospect in the field of short-life afterglow products.