With the urgent need of lightweight weapons in modern warfare, the development of high-strength and light-weight aluminum alloy cartridge cases has become the key research directions in the world. The forming process of aluminum alloy cartridge cases is generally characterized by ironing process, extrusion and spinning. The failure modes in the forming process are complex and changeable, and the causes of failure are various. Based on the self-developed aluminum alloy cartridge cases with high strength and high tenacity, this paper introduces the preparation technology and die stamping technology of aluminum alloy cartridge case material, summarizes the forming process, failure mode and performance characteristics of aluminum alloy cartridge cases, while analyzes the failure reasons of metal cartridge case in detail and the solving measures, and prospects the development trend of lightweight aluminum alloy cartridge cases.