The main modified methods of soy protein materials include physical modification, chemical modification, enzymic modification, nanocomposites modification. And the performance of soy protein materials study is mainly focused on improving their film-forming properties, mechanical properties, water absorption ability, light transmittance, gas barrier properties and water vapor permeability, biodegradability, etc. Soy protein-based biodegradable materials are usually used in the edible film, the preparation of fresh fruits and vegetables and the inner packaging of some food. Besides, the modified soy protein can be used as nutritional substances as bio-materials and bio-medical materials. The research of how to reduce costs and enhance performance will be the main future development direction of soy protein-based biodegradable materials.