For the effect of rivet position coordinates on the fatigue life of riveted joints, Single row replacement method for life optimization of riveted joints. First, in this paper, monotonic tensile and fatigue tests are conducted on aluminum alloy self-piercing riveted joints, thus obtaining S-N curves by fitting the test data. Then a finite element model of the self-piercing riveted structure is established, with a mechanical analysis of the riveted joints under cyclic loading to be carried out by Abaqus to study the effect of the riveting point position on the mechanical properties of the riveted joints. Finally, taking coordinates of the riveting point as design variables and the fatigue life of the riveted structures as optimization objective, the coordinates of the maximum fatigue life of riveting joints can be obtained by a global optimization based on the single row replacement method, which provides a reference for technicians to carry out the design of riveting joints.