Taking Yanling County of Zhuzhou City in Hunan Province as the research target, a construction of the evaluation index system has thus been made of the“three-livable space”, followed by an evaluation of the land use suitability from the perspective of the“three-livable space”by using matter-element model and GIS spatial analysis. The results show that 85% of the rural land in Yanling County is in a suitable state (including the most suitable and highly suitable), yet with a relatively unreasonable land use in Ceyuan Town and Longxi Town, with a low level of both the living suitability of the former one and the ecological suitability of the latter one. There is a spatial discrepancy in the land use suitability distribution of the“three-livable space”in Yanling County, the areas with high living suitability and high production suitability mainly concentrated in the northwest of Yanling County, and the areas with high ecological suitability mainly concentrated in the northeast of Yanling County. There are different factors affecting the land use suitability of the“three-livable space”in Yanling County, among which are the accessibility of central urban area (B1) and traffic trunk line (B2) , two main affecting factors of the evaluation of living suitability. The yield of tillage (B7) is the main factor affecting the evaluation of production suitability, meanwhile the main factors affecting production suitability evaluation are ecological unsuitable area (B10) and the proportion of land with a slope greater than 25°(B11).