In view of the preparation of lightweight aggregate concrete, a selection has been made of hollow glass beads and shale ceramsite as weight reducing materials, with the composition and dosage of cement glass beads silica fume system determined based on the particle densely-packing theory. The mix proportion is calculated according to the absolute volume method, followed by a design of three groups of concrete with different proportions of cementitious system and aggregate system. Finally, the group with the highest specific strength is selected, and the vacuum mixing technology is used for a further improvement of the mechanical properties of concrete. A comparison has been made of the 3 d and 28 d compressive strength and apparent density of concrete of different vacuum degrees. A successful a preparation has been achieved of the lightweight aggregate concrete with an apparent density less than 1 350 kg/m3 and a compressive strength greater than 40 MPa, thus providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of lightweight aggregate concrete.