Carbon information disclosure is not only related to environmental protection, but also closely related to economic development. In the post-epidemic era of China’s economic development, a close attention should be paid to the influence factors from the external environment. Based on the empirical data collected from listed pharmaceutical companies in the pharmaceutical industry, a selection has been made of 1 407 panel data of 201 currently listed pharmaceutical companies in China from 2013 to 2019 as samples. By using Stata 15.1 software, an OLS model has been established for a regression analysis of the spatial heterogeneity influencing factors of listed companies in the pharmaceutical industry. The results show that the level of economic development, along with the regulatory system, is positively correlated with the carbon information disclosure of listed companies in the pharmaceutical industry with a significant impact, while the natural endowment is negatively correlated with the carbon information disclosure of listed companies in the pharmaceutical industry. Based on the empirical results, some suggestions are put forward for a further standardization of the corporate carbon information disclosure level of enterprises. According to the empirical results, it is suggested that pharmaceutical enterprises should grasp the macro policy, keep up with the trend of the times, and follow the market rules.