A research has been conducted on the exponential stability of a class of nonlinear systems by means of aperiodic intermittent control, with the criteria of exponential stability given. Intermittent controllers are set up according to stability criterion conditions, thus proving the exponential stability of the system under aperiodic intermittent controller by adopting the method of Lyapunov-like function, which further verifies the validity of the criteria and effectively optimizing the periodic intermittent control. Finally, the validity of the theoretical results can be testified based on the results of numerical simulation experiments by using Chua’s chaotic system.