PA pseudo static test, as well as an ANSYS finite element simulation analysis, has been carried out of four RC short leg shear walls on 1:2 scale ratio, followed by a study of the aseismic performance of the RC short leg shear walls under three loading forms including HPFL reinforcement with the primary loading, secondary loading, and secondary loading with the earthquake damage. First, a comparison and an analysis have been made of the test results of each specimen, followed by a study of the similarities and differences of reinforcement effects under different loading modes, as well as their causes. Then a comparison has been made between the test results and numerical simulation results. The results show that the bearing capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity have been significantly improved of the HPFL reinforcement under different seismic forces form RC short shear walls, with an obvious improved effect for the reinforcement walls, and a weakened tendency for the secondary stress with an earthquake effect for the reinforcement walls, due to the increase of the degree of stress and strain lag in the reinforcement, which is caused by the reduction of the utilization ratio of the strength of the reinforced layer in turn.