Taking as its background the fact that the process of the concrete curing will be under the action and influence of various kinds of engineering vibrations, combined with static tests as well as dynamic tests, the change rules will be worked out of the strength of the newly-laid concrete with curing age under impact loads. The dynamic damage constitutive model of concrete can be established on the statistical damage model, which is based on Weibull distribution. It is thus concluded that the ratio between the compressive strength of concrete and the compressive strength under static loads will be 2:1, based on a comparative analysis of uniaxial compressive strength of concrete specimens under the action of impact dynamic load and static load which was carried out by the destructive test of the SHPB strut devices. With the increase of the curing age of concrete specimen impact, the degree of fragmentation of concrete specimens, which are under impact failure, is decreasing. Meanwhile, the loading test of concrete under different ages can be carried out by using SHPB devices, thus successfully obtaining the age range of the weakest age and the peak age of strength reduction of the concrete under impact loads.