Short pier shear wall structure is commonly applied for the lateral load resistance. In order to study an improved bearing capacity of this structure to resist lateral force under vertical load, with a practical short leg shear wall structure taken as its background, with the three layer structure near the top layer much simplified, and with the similarity principle of structural model test adopted, a test model of three-storied short leg shear wall structure with two spans has been established with a scale ratio of 1:4. Experimental results of the second floor structure under the vertical load show that short leg shear wall structure exhibits a better bearing capacity under vertical load. Under the action of the vertical load, with the whole wall limb in a bending state, the end of tie-beam and the wallboard joint proves to be the weak area of short pier shear wall structure. Finally, based on the testing results, this paper expounds the mechanical properties and failure mechanism of L and T sections in short leg shear walls under the action of bending composite.