In view of the hidden dangers of various high-power electrical appliances into student’s apartment, proposes a cognitive system of high-power electric appliances based on FPGA. The system uses EP3C25E1448CN as the microprocessor and the peripheral circuit consists of protection module, data detection module, A/D conversion module, data display module and data communication module. Provides the control system model and describes the role of each functional module, and with top-to-down design ideas, realizes the intelligent cognitive device design for high-power electrical appliances. Elaborates the system hardware circuit design and FPGA implementation of A/D conversion and multiplier. The test results indicate that the system exists some error but it is feasible and can meet the use of high-power electrical control.