By using 1999－2008 economy and energy data of Hunan, makes an analysis on its total economic output, total energy consumption, energy consumption composition and per unit GDP of energy consumption. Based on it, applies the ADF testing method and Granger causality test method to research the relationship between its energy consumption and economic growth. The result shows that: there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Hunan, and exists one-way Granger causal relationship from economic growth to energy consumption.