Aiming to study Yangge Exercise's influence on the body composition and the serum lipids level of central obese middle-aged and old female, 36 central obese middle-aged and old females were randomly divided into experimental group（18 weeks Yangge exercise）and control group to study their body composition and the serum lipids level. Results show that the experimental group's lean body mass is added, their body fat mass is dropped, triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein of the serum lipids level is dropped and high-density lipoprotein is increased, which shows the significant difference comparing with the control group. In conclusion, long time systematically Yangge exercise can adjust the body composition of the central obese middle-aged and old females and improve their serum lipids ingredients, which makes the percentage of each ingredient more conducive to their health.