Based on the fact that the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells can be affected by the external light intensity and temperature, an effective improvement of the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system can be achieved by adopting the maximum power point tracking technology. In view of the slow tracking speed and poor accuracy pertaining to the traditional incremental conductance method, an improved maximum power point tracking control strategy has thus been proposed to overcome the flaws. Finally, taking the change of light intensity and temperature as an example, a simulation comparison has been made between the incremental conductance method and the proposed method. The results show that the tracking speed of the proposed method increases by 33% at a constant temperature, with the tracking accuracy increasing positively with the light intensity.